Deafness And Other Communication Disorders - 984 Words

From a young age children are taught to perceive the world through their five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and hearing. However, not every person has the privilege to use all of their senses. The people who have the benefit of all five senses often take for granted their ability and sometimes even marginalize people who do not have the same abilities. This research paper will focus on the issues that those who cannot hear face every day. According to the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders â€Å"2 to 3 out of every 1,000 children in the United States are born with a detectable level of hearing loss in one or both ears...and one in eight people in the United States (30 million) ... has hearing loss in both ears† (NIDCD 1). The Deaf community will continually experience marginalization because of mass information, obliviousness, and miscommunication. While this may not sound extensive compared to the whole of the population, it is significant enough to warrant attention. While mass misinformation, obliviousness, and miscommunication are three of the major struggles for the Deaf community, there are multiple problems that arise underneath those categories. For example, men are more likely than women to experience hearing loss later in life (NIDCD 1). The number of Deaf and hard of hearing people rises with age, making the majority of the Deaf community in their 60’s (NIDCD 1). 10 percent of Deaf children are born to Deaf parents (NIDCD 1). ThatShow MoreRelatedDeafness And Other Communication Disorders Essay1761 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), approximately 2 to 3 out of every 1,000 children in the United States are born with hearing loss in one or both ears. (Quick Statistics About Hearing, 2016) Children who have impaired hearing face a unique set of challenges, and as with many disabilities, early intervention is vital to their success both academically and socia lly. There are a few different categories of hearing loss in young children. DamageRead MoreNational Institutes Of Deafness And Other Communication Disorders1326 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation that is approximately 37.5 million and exponentially growing (Holcomb, 2013; Emond et al., 2015; National Institutes of Deafness and other Communication Disorder [NIDCD], 2015; World Health Organization, [WHO] 2015). The challenges continue to lie in the inadequate health care provision needed to implement better care for this underserved population caused by communication barrier, extremely low health literacy, and high illiteracy (Kuenburg, Fellinger, Fellinger, 2015; Mckee, Mckee, WintersRead MoreThe National Institute Of Deafness And Other Communication Disorder784 Words   |  4 PagesThe National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorder calculates that about 2 percent of older adults have disabling hearing loss. The NIDC uses the decible of hearing loss at 35 decibels or more in the better ear which is the level at which adults could generally benefit from hearing aids. The medical term for old age related hearing loss with no other causes is Presbycusis. As defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) the term elderly or aged refers to persons aged 60 yearsRead MoreEssay about Impact of Deafness on Children680 Words   |  3 PagesDeafness can occur at birth or become evident later in a person’s life. Deafness is a disability where a person cannot hear anything through their ear canal. Deafness is incorporated importantly with children because if a child has this disability as a younger age than it attributes greatly to how a child can develop with this disability. Some scientists say that deafness can be lead to genetics while others say that trauma events or exposure to loud noise also have a key role to the cause. DeafnessRead MoreDeafness And Autism Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesDeafness and Autism, two distinctively different disorders and disabilities; however common in nature. With Deafness and Autism come challenges and obstacles that have to be faced and ought for to ensure an overall quality of life for the individual. When these two attributes are combined within one individual communication and social interaction can be altered. Understanding the difference between the two disabilities and learning how to equip the individual with the proper tools for communicationRead MoreFilm Analysis: Sweet Nothing in My Ear1011 Words   |  5 Pagesprejudiced against the hearing culture. The main characters in the story with communication disabilities are Laura and her son Adam. Laura and Adam are both deaf. Both of them were born hearing, and then over time lost it. When someone is deaf, it means that the person can’t hear at all. One of the ways that deaf people communicate is by using American Sign Language, which is where a person uses gestures to communicate with others. Another part of deaf culture is that some speak, and some don’t becauseRead MoreHearing Speech : Deaf And Deaf1659 Words   |  7 Pagesthis time, parents and other family members may also consider learning sign language, finger spelling, or gestures in order to maintain communication with their deaf or hearing impaired child and household accommodations like text messaging, alternative fire alarms, and doorbells may be necessary. This is because everyday life is affected by the hearing impairment. A person with hearing loss cannot hear the doorbell or fire alarms when they go off , and they will need other kinds of alerts, such asRead More Relay Services for the Deaf Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pagesdeaf people but there are many different services available to meet their needs. A hearing person can have a casual conversation without even realizing the difficulties that 202,613 (5.58%) hard of hearing people might face in the world (Stat. on Deafness). It doesn’t have to be so difficult for a deaf/hard of hearing person to have a conversation even if the person they are talking to is in another state. With popular services such as Maryland Relay, the TTY and various telecommunications relayRead MoreThe Deaf Community and Its Culture1545 Words   |  7 Pagesgives Deaf people the support they need to live a quality life (p.3). Deaf culture not only encompasses people, but also the customs and traditions that are associated with it. Over the course of this semester, my view has been expanded to view deafness as not a disability, but a â€Å"linguis tic minority† (p. 55-56). Going back to my very first reading reaction, I discussed how it had been brought to my attention that a large community of people existed alongside hearing culture, but was rarely heardRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder and its Characteristics Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pagesautism spectrum disorder. Since then, there has been a drastic increase of the incidence of this disorder. In 2013, according to the Centers for Disease Control, autism spectrum disorder occurs in one out of eighty eight children. (CDC, 2013) That is a significant increase over a relatively short period of time. With such an increase, it is important to learn what autism spectrum disorder is and what might cause it. Autism spectrum disorder is the term used for a group of disorders in brain development

Depression A Serious Medical Condition - 1538 Words

Depression is a very serious medical condition that many in the society face. Many things can trigger depression, such as a break-up, a death in the family, or even bad news. Depression occurs when certain chemicals in the brain are out of balance. Although depression is serious, it can be treated. Many people with depression never reach out for help, they try to fight through it alone, but some suffering severe depression reach out for help with medicine and or counseling. The problem with depression is, there are many people who suffer from this illness but are left untreated. There are many different forms of depression. One type of depression is major depression, this affects one’s ability to sleep, work, eat, play, or to appreciate†¦show more content†¦This depression usually ceases around spring time. This depression can be treated with light therapy, or antidepressant medication. Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness is when one goes through cycling mood changes, from extreme highs to extreme lows. Depression can be treated, the earlier the treatment begins the more effective it. The first step to getting treated is visiting a doctor or a mental health specialist. The reason why a doctor should be seen is because, there are other diseases or disorders that can have the same symptoms as depression. Reaching out for help is very important because if left untreated, depression can ruin one’s life. Untreated depression is a serious problem because it can increase the chances of suicide or self-harm. Untreated depression can also lead to drug use and or alcohol addiction. Depression affects the whole body, mood, and thoughts; it affects everything one does, such as eating, sleeping, and thinking. Having something that affects the way you think and act in a negative way is not healthy. It not only affects the person who is diagnosed, it also affects everyone around them; family, children, and spouse. People who are not treated cannot â€Å"pull themselves together†; t hey need help, especially because depression lasts for weeks, months and even years. Sleep deprivation can occur as well, because sleep patterns are thrown off and sleep

Blood Promise Chapter Three Free Essays

â€Å"Wait-what?† I exclaimed. That wasn’t in the plan. That wasn’t in the plan at all. We will write a custom essay sample on Blood Promise Chapter Three or any similar topic only for you Order Now I was trying to move through Russia in as incognito a way as possible. Plus, I didn’t really relish the thought of having a tagalong-particularly one who appeared to hate me. I didn’t know how long it would take to get to Siberia-a couple days, I thought-and I couldn’t imagine spending them listening to Sydney talk about what an unnatural, evil being I was. Swallowing my outrage, I attempted reason. After all, I was asking a favor here. â€Å"That’s not necessary,† I said, forcing a smile. â€Å"It’s nice of you to offer, but I don’t want to inconvenience you.† â€Å"Well,† she replied dryly, â€Å"there’s no getting around that. And it’s not me being nice. It’s not even my choice. It’s an order from my superiors.† â€Å"It still sounds like a pain in the ass for you. Why don’t you just tell me where it is and blow them off?† â€Å"You obviously don’t know the people I work for.† â€Å"Don’t need to. I ignore authority all the time. It’s not hard once you get used to it.† â€Å"Yeah? How’s that working out for you with finding this village?† she asked mockingly. â€Å"Look, if you want to get there, this is the only way.† Well-it was the only way I could get there if I used Sydney for information. I could always go back to staking out the Nightingale†¦ but it had taken me this long to get a lead from there. Meanwhile, she was here right in front of me with the information I needed. â€Å"Why?† I asked. â€Å"Why do you have to go too?† â€Å"I can’t tell you that. Bottom line: They told me to.† Lovely. I eyed her, trying to figure out what was going on here. Why on earth would anyone-let alone humans with their hands in the Moroi world -care where one teenage dhampir went? I didn’t think Sydney had any ulterior motives-unless she was a very, very good actress. Yet, clearly the people she answered to had an agenda, and I didn’t like playing into anyone’s plan. At the same time, I was anxious to get on with this. Each day that passed was another in which I didn’t find Dimitri. â€Å"How soon can we leave?† I asked at last. Sydney, I decided, was a paper-pusher. She’d shown no real skill in tracking me earlier. Surely it wouldn’t be that hard to ditch her once we were near enough to Dimitri’s town. She looked kind of disappointed at my response, almost as though she’d hoped I would decline and then she’d be off the hook. She didn’t want to come with me any more than I wanted her to. Opening her purse, she took out her cell phone again, fiddled with it a couple of minutes, and finally produced some train times. She showed me the schedule for the next day. â€Å"Does that work for you?† I studied the screen and nodded. â€Å"I know where that station is. I can be there.† â€Å"Okay.† She stood up and tossed some cash on the table. â€Å"I’ll see you tomorrow.† She started to walk away and then glanced back at me. â€Å"Oh, and you can have the rest of my fries.† When I first came to Russia, I stayed in youth hostels. I’d certainly had the money to stay elsewhere, but I wanted to remain under the radar. Besides, luxury hadn’t really been the first thing on my mind. When I began going to the Nightingale, however, I found I could hardly return to a boarding house of backpacking students while wearing a designer dress. So I was now staying at a posh hotel, complete with guys who always held the doors open and a marble-floored lobby. That lobby was so big that I think an entire hostel could have fit in it. Maybe two hostels. My room was large and overdone too, and I was grateful to reach it and change out of the heels and dress. I realized with only a small pang of regret that I’d have to leave the dresses I’d bought in Saint Petersburg behind. I wanted to keep my luggage light while jaunting around the country, and even if my backpack was large, there was only so much I could carry. Oh well. Those dresses would make some cleaning woman’s day, no doubt. The only bit of ornamentation I really needed was my nazar, a pendant that looked like a blue eye. It had been a gift from my mother, which had in turn been a gift from my father. I always wore it around my neck. Our train for Moscow left late in the morning, and we would then catch a cross-country train to Siberia. I wanted to be well rested and ready for it all. Once in my pajamas, I snuggled under the bed’s heavy comforter and hoped sleep would come soon. Instead, my mind spun with all the things that had happened recently. The Sydney situation was a bizarre twist but one I could handle. As long as we stuck to public transportation, she could hardly lead me into the clutches of her mysterious superiors. And from what she’d said about our travel time, it would indeed only take a couple of days or so to reach the village. Two days seemed both impossibly long and impossibly short. It meant I could very well be confronting Dimitri in a few days†¦ and then what? Could I do it? Could I bring myself to kill him? And even if I decided I could, would I actually have the skill to overpower him? The same questions that I’d been asking myself for the last two weeks kept plaguing me over and over. Dimitri had taught me everything I knew, and with enhanced Strigoi reflexes, he would truly be the god I’d always joked he was. Death was a very real possibility for me. But worrying wasn’t helpful right now and, looking over at the clock in the room, I discovered I’d been lying awake for almost an hour. That was no good. I needed to be in peak condition. So I did something I knew I shouldn’t do, but which always worked to get my mind off my worries-largely because it involved me being in someone else’s mind. Slipping inside Lissa’s head required only a small amount of concentration on my part. I hadn’t known if I could do it when we were far apart, but I’d discovered the process was no different than if I were standing right beside her. It was late morning back in Montana, and Lissa had no classes today since it was Saturday. During my time away, I’d worked very hard to put up mental walls between us, almost completely blocking her and her feelings out. Now, inside her, all the barriers were down, and her emotions hit me like a tidal wave. She was pissed off. Really pissed off. â€Å"Why does she think she can just snap her fingers and get me to go anywhere she wants, anytime she wants?† Lissa growled. â€Å"Because she’s the queen. And because you made a deal with the devil.† Lissa and her boyfriend, Christian, were lounging in the attic of the school’s chapel. As soon as I recognized the surroundings, I nearly pulled out of her head. The two of them had had way too many â€Å"romantic† encounters up here, and I didn’t want to stick around if clothes were going to be ripped off soon. Fortunately-or perhaps not-her annoyed feelings told me there’d be no sex today, not with her bad mood. It was kind of ironic, actually. Their roles were reversed. Lissa was the raging one while Christian remained cool and collected, trying to appear calm for her sake. He sat on the floor, leaning up against the wall, while she sat in front of him, his legs apart and his arms holding her. She rested her head on his chest and sighed. â€Å"For the last few weeks, I’ve done everything she’s asked! ? ®Vasilisa, please show this stupid visiting royal around campus.’ ? ®Vasilisa, please jump on a plane for the weekend so that I can introduce you to some boring officials here at Court.’ ? ®Vasilisa, please put in some volunteer time with the younger students. It looks good.'† Despite Lissa’s frustration, I couldn’t help a little amusement. She had Queen Tatiana’s voice down perfectly. â€Å"You would have done that last one willingly,† Christian pointed out. â€Å"Yeah†¦ the point being willingly. I hate her trying to dictate every part of my life lately.† Christian leaned over and kissed her cheek. â€Å"Like I said, you made a deal with the devil. You’re her darling now. She wants to make sure you’re making her look good.† Lissa scowled. Although Moroi lived inside human-run countries and were subject to those governments, they were also ruled by a king or queen who came from one of the twelve royal Moroi families. Queen Tatiana-an Ivashkov-was the current ruler, and she’d taken a particular interest in Lissa as the last living member of the Dragomir family. As such, Tatiana had cut Lissa a deal. If Lissa lived at Court after graduating from St. Vladimir’s, the queen would arrange for her to attend LehighUniversity in Pennsylvania. Lissa was a total brain and thought living in Tatiana’s household would be worth it to attend a semi-big, prestigious university, as opposed to the tiny ones Moroi usually went to (for safety reasons). As Lissa was finding out, though, the strings attached to that deal were already in place now. â€Å"And I just sit and take it,† Lissa said. â€Å"I just smile and say ? ®Yes, your majesty. Anything you want, your majesty.'† â€Å"Then tell her the deal’s off. You’ll be eighteen in a couple of months. Royal or not, you’re under no obligations. You don’t need her to go to a big school. We’ll just take off, you and me. Go to whatever college you want. Or don’t go to college at all. We can run off to Paris or something and work at a little cafe. Or sell bad art on the streets.† This actually made Lissa laugh, and she snuggled closer to Christian. â€Å"Right. I can totally see you having the patience to wait on people. You’d be fired your first day. Looks like the only way we’ll survive is if I go to college and support us.† â€Å"There are other ways to get to college, you know.† â€Å"Yeah, but not to any that are this good,† she said wistfully. â€Å"Not easily, at least. This is the only way. I just wish I could have all this and stand up to her a little. Rose would.† â€Å"Rose would have gotten herself arrested for treason the first time Tatiana asked her to do something.† Lissa smiled sadly. â€Å"Yeah. She would have.† The smile turned into a sigh. â€Å"I miss her so much.† Christian kissed her again. â€Å"I know.† This was a familiar conversation for them, one that never grew old because Lissa’s feelings for me never faded. â€Å"She’s okay, you know. Wherever she is, she’s okay.† Lissa stared off into the attic’s darkness. The only light came from a stained-glass window that made the whole place look like a fairyland. The space had been recently cleaned out-by Dimitri and me, actually. It had only been a couple of months ago, but already, dust and boxes were accumulating once more. The priest here was a nice guy but kind of a pack rat. Lissa noticed none of this, though. Her thoughts were too focused on me. â€Å"I hope so. I wish I had some idea-any idea-where she is. I keep thinking that if anything happened to her, if she-† Lissa couldn’t finish the thought. â€Å"Well, I keep thinking that I’d know somehow. That I’d feel it. I mean, I know the bond’s one-way†¦ that’s never changed. But I’d have to know if something happened to her, right?† â€Å"I don’t know,† said Christian. â€Å"Maybe. Maybe not.† Any other guy would have said something overly sweet and comforting, assuring her that yes, yes, of course she’d know. But it was part of Christian’s nature to be brutally honest. Lissa liked that about him. So did I. It didn’t always make him a pleasant friend, but at least you knew he wasn’t bullshitting you. She sighed again. â€Å"Adrian says she’s okay. He visits her dreams. I’d give anything to be able to do that. My healing’s getting better and better, and I’ve got the aura thing down. But no dreams yet.† Knowing Lissa missed me hurt almost more than if she’d completely written me off. I’d never wanted to hurt her. Even when I’d resented her for feeling like she was controlling my life, I’d never hated her. I loved her like a sister and couldn’t stand the thought of her suffering now on my behalf. How had things gotten so screwed up between us? She and Christian continued sitting there in comfortable silence, drawing strength and love from each other. They had what Dimitri and I had had, a sense of such oneness and familiarity that words often weren’t needed. He ran his fingers through her hair, and while I couldn’t see it so well through her own eyes, I could imagine the way that pale hair would gleam in the rainbow light of the stained-glass windows. He tucked several long locks behind her ear and then tipped her head back, bringing his lips down to hers. The kiss started off light and sweet and then slowly intensified, warmth spreading from his mouth to hers. Uh-oh, I thought. It might be time to take off after all. But she ended it before I had to. â€Å"It’s time,† she said regretfully. â€Å"We’ve got to go.† The look in Christian’s crystal-blue eyes said otherwise. â€Å"Maybe this is the perfect time for you to stand up to the queen. You should just stay here -it’d be a great way to build character.† Lissa lightly elbowed him and then planted a kiss on his forehead before standing up. â€Å"That is not why you want me to stay, so don’t even try to play me.† They left the chapel, and Christian mumbled something about wanting to do more than play that earned him another elbow. They were heading toward the administration building, which was in the heart of the upper school’s campus. Aside from the first blushes of spring, everything looked like it had when I’d left-at least on the outside. The stone buildings remained grand and imposing. The tall, ancient trees continued their watch. Yet, inside the hearts of the staff and students, things had changed. Everyone carried scars from the attack. Many of our people had been killed, and while classes were up and running again, everyone still grieved. Lissa and Christian reached their destination: the administration building. She didn’t know the reason for her summoning, only that Tatiana had wanted her to meet some royal guy who had just arrived at the Academy. Considering how many people Tatiana was always forcing her to meet lately, Lissa didn’t think too much of it. She and Christian stepped inside the main office, where they found Headmistress Kirova sitting and chatting with an older Moroi and a girl about our age. â€Å"Ah, Miss Dragomir. There you are.† I’d gotten in trouble with Kirova a lot while I’d been a student, yet seeing her now made me feel kind of nostalgic. Getting suspended for starting a fight in class seemed worlds better than traipsing through Siberia to find Dimitri. Kirova had the same birdlike appearance she’d always had, the same glasses balanced at the end of her nose. The man and girl stood up, and Kirova gestured to them. â€Å"This is Eugene Lazar and his daughter Avery.† Kirova turned back toward Lissa. â€Å"This is Vasilisa Dragomir and Christian Ozera.† A fair bit of sizing up went on then. Lazar was a royal name, but that was no surprise since Tatiana had initiated this meeting. Mr. Lazar gave Lissa a winning smile as he shook her hand. He seemed a bit surprised to meet Christian, but the smile stayed. Of course, that kind of reaction to Christian wasn’t so unusual. The two ways to become Strigoi were by choice or by force. A Strigoi could turn another person-human, Moroi, or dhampir-by drinking their blood and then feeding Strigoi blood back to them. That was what had happened to Dimitri. The other way to become Strigoi was unique to Moroi -and it was done by choice. Moroi who purposely chose to kill a person by drinking blood would also turn Strigoi. Usually, Moroi only drank small, nonlethal amounts from willing humans. But taking so much that it destroyed another’s life force? Well, that turned Moroi to the dark side, taking away their elemental magic and transforming them into the twisted undead. That was exactly what Christian’s parents had done. They’d willingly killed and become Strigoi to gain eternal life. Christian had never shown any desire to become Strigoi, but everyone acted as though he were about to. (Admittedly, his snarky attitude didn’t always help.) A lot of his close family-despite being royal-had been unfairly shunned as well. He and I had teamed up to kick a fair amount of Strigoi ass during the attack, though. Word of that was getting around and improving his reputation. Kirova was never one to waste time with formalities, so she got straight to the point. â€Å"Mr. Lazar is going to be the new headmaster here.† Lissa had still been smiling at him politely, but her head immediately jerked toward Kirova. â€Å"What?† â€Å"I’m going to be stepping down,† explained Kirova, voice flat and emotionless enough to rival any guardian’s. â€Å"Though I’ll still be serving the school as a teacher.† â€Å"You’re going to teach?† Christian asked incredulously. She gave him a dry look. â€Å"Yes, Mr. Ozera. It was what I originally went to school for. I’m sure if I try hard enough, I can remember how to do it.† â€Å"But why?† asked Lissa. â€Å"You do a great job.† It was more or less true. Despite my disputes with Kirova-usually over me breaking rules-I still had a healthy respect for her. Lissa did too. â€Å"It’s something I’ve thought about returning to for some time,† explained Kirova. â€Å"Now seemed as good a time as any, and Mr. Lazar is a very capable administrator.† Lissa was pretty good at reading people. I think it was part of spirit’s side effects, along with how spirit made its users very, very charismatic. Lissa thought Kirova was lying, and so did I. If I’d been able to read Christian’s mind, my guess would have been that he felt the same way. The attack on the Academy had sent a lot of people into a panic, royals in particular, even though the problem that had led to the attack had long since been fixed. I was guessing that Tatiana’s hand was at work here, forcing Kirova to step down and have a royal take her place, thus making other royals feel better. Lissa didn’t let her thoughts show, and she turned back to Mr. Lazar. â€Å"Well, it’s very nice to meet you. I’m sure you’ll do a great job. Let me know if there’s anything I can do for you.† She was playing the proper princess role perfectly. Being polite and sweet was one of her many talents. â€Å"Actually,† said Mr. Lazar, â€Å"there is.† He had a deep, booming voice, the kind that filled a room. He gestured toward his daughter. â€Å"I was wondering if you could show Avery around and help her find her way here. She graduated last year but will be assisting me in my duties. I’m sure she’d much rather be spending time with someone her own age, however.† Avery smiled, and for the first time, Lissa really paid attention to her. Avery was beautiful. Stunning. Lissa was beautiful too, between that gorgeous hair and the jade green eyes that ran in her family. I thought she was a hundred times prettier than Avery, but beside the older girl, Lissa felt kind of plain. Avery was tall and slim like most Moroi but had a few sexy curves thrown in. That kind of chest, like mine, was coveted among Moroi, and her long brown hair and blue-gray eyes completed the package. â€Å"I promise not to be too much of a pain,† said Avery. â€Å"And if you want, I’ll give you some insider’s tips on Court life. I hear you’re going to be moving there.† Instantly, Lissa’s defenses went up. She realized what was going on. Not only had Tatiana ousted Kirova, she’d sent a keeper for Lissa. A beautiful, perfect companion who could spy on Lissa and attempt to train her up to Tatiana’s standards. Lissa’s words were perfectly polite when she spoke, but there was a definite edge of frost in her voice. â€Å"That’d be great,† she said. â€Å"I’m pretty busy lately, but we can try to make the time.† Neither Avery’s father nor Kirova seemed to notice the back off subtext, but something flashed in Avery’s eyes that told Lissa the message had come through. â€Å"Thanks,† said Avery. Unless I was mistaken, there was some legitimate hurt in her face. â€Å"I’m sure we’ll figure something out.† â€Å"Good, good,† said Mr. Lazar, totally oblivious to the girl drama. â€Å"Maybe you can show Avery to guest housing? She’s staying in the east wing.† â€Å"Sure,† said Lissa, wishing she could do anything but that. She, Christian, and Avery started to leave, but just then, two guys entered the room. One was a Moroi, a little younger than us, and the other was a dhampir in his twenties-a guardian, from the look of his hard, serious features. â€Å"Ah, there you are,† said Mr. Lazar, beckoning the guys in. He rested his hand on the boy’s shoulder. â€Å"This is my son Reed. He’s a junior and will be attending classes here. He’s very excited about it.† Actually, Reed looked extremely unexcited. He was pretty much the surliest guy I’d ever seen. If I ever needed to play the role of a disgruntled teen, I could have learned everything there was to know about it from Reed Lazar. He had the same good looks and features as Avery, but they were marred by a grimace that seemed permanently attached to his face. Mr. Lazar introduced the others to Reed. Reed’s only response was a guttural, â€Å"Hey.† â€Å"And this is Simon, Avery’s guardian,† continued Mr. Lazar. â€Å"Of course, while on campus, he doesn’t need to be with her all the time. You know how it goes. Still, I’m sure you’ll see him around.† I hoped not. He didn’t look as completely unpleasant as Reed, but he had a certain dour nature that seemed extreme even among guardians. Suddenly, I kind of felt sorry for Avery. If this was her only company, I’d want to befriend someone like Lissa pretty badly. Lissa, however, made it clear that she wouldn’t be part of Tatiana’s schemes. With little conversation, she and Christian escorted Avery to guest housing and promptly left. Normally, Lissa would have stayed to help Avery get settled and offered to eat with her later. Not this time. Not with ulterior motives afoot. I came back to my own body, back in the hotel. I knew I shouldn’t care about Academy life anymore and that I should even feel bad for Avery. Yet lying there and staring into the darkness, I couldn’t help but take some smug-and yes, very selfish-satisfaction out of this encounter: Lissa wouldn’t be shopping for a new best friend anytime soon. How to cite Blood Promise Chapter Three, Essay examples

Effects of Market Globalization on Apple Inc

Question: Discuss about theEffects of Market Globalization on Apple Inc. Answer: Introduction Market globalization refers to the process of carrying out business in the international market. However, innovation and entrepreneurship play a key in promoting international trade. It is believed that the upheaval is essential in creating the competitive advantage in companies, particularly Apple Inc (Bello, 2012). The sustaining innovations have aided Apple to maintain customer loyalty, and further provide products that superbly suits customers preferences (Leitao, 2013). Due to the competitive nature of the international markets, Apple has ensured that it offer goods and services of high quality. Moreover, technology has enabled customers to access to various brands of goods (Manfred Steger, 2013). Globalization, therefore, has unquantifiable merits regarding the success and growth Apple Inc has achieved to date. Therefore, this report has customized on the topic of Market globalization, where innovation and entrepreneurship have been given a greater focus because they are requisites for global trade and Apples success. With globalization, Apple has managed to serve most people around the globe. Finally, various regional and international contextual factors have been identified, and an implicit explanation is given about how they influence the success of Apple locally as well as internationally. Definition of Terms Globalization A unified description of globalization refers to the integration in the world in the interchange of culture, ideas, products, and views. The increased pace of globalization increased due to technological breakthrough (Persson, 2008). The enabled interactions and communication between individuals from various spheres result to free flow of products from one place to another without geographical hindrances. Globalization has however, increased the global trade more that States overall economic growth (Vujakovic, 2010). With Globalization, Apple Inc has managed to surpass its close competitors like Microsoft, in the supply of technology related products across the globe (Sohail, 2011). Also, globalization has assisted Apple establish integrated manufacturing design facilities in different locations like Asia, Europe to enhance global networking (Bello, 2012). Innovation It is the creation of new ideas and ways of conducting different processes. It creates new and improved products, materials, services, and processes. Innovation is a requisite for economic developments because of its capability of creating efficiency and simplicity in the ways processes and activities are conducted in a company and market (Christensen and Raynor, 2013). Notably, there is a close relationship between innovation and globalization. It is factual that either needs the other to make it more efficient (James Szeman, 2010). Through innovation, Apple has managed to manufacture hardware and software products that definitely suits customers needs and further differentiate its products (Linden et al., 2007). Culture Culture is described as the beliefs, practices, discourses and norms embedded in the people (Haviland et al., 2011). It, however, influences the way individuals behave in particular setups. It is believed that a producer of a product can only provide products that match customers culture, contrary to which failure is inevitable. Apparently, operating in the international markets is characterized by interaction with clients from different cultural backgrounds. To survive, the marketers of Apple have appreciated cultural diversity and position their products to align influences of culture. Effects of Globalization on Apple Being a leader in the field of creativity and innovation requires a lot of investment in workforce and also the acquisition of latest machines to be used in the production. Apparently, globalization has enabled Apple Inc market command a large market share in America, Europe, and Asia. Its products are traded globally. Apple's exceptional strategies that utilize the outsourcing have significantly assisted it to achieve unquantifiable success to remain the leader in offering quality products to customers. Internationalization has positively affected Apple in various ways. Firstly, globalization has affected Apple business strategy. With the extended market and demands for Apple products, it has customized in the application of differentiation strategy (Atkinson, 2012). Here is where Apple has led in the production of software, electronics, and phones that have unique features. To realize this, Apple has greatly invested in research and development to unfold more in the field of techno logy (Colvin, 2009). Secondly, globalization has affected the operational and employment practices of Apple. With the ability to access every part of the market, Apple has managed to outsource production plants in various parts of the world (Leach, 2010). As a result, it has succeeded to manufacture products and launch them in the new markets (Apple, 2012). Regarding employment, it has managed to attract committed, talented, innovative and experienced individuals across the world. Thirdly, globalization has affected the product and services provided. It is because the international markets indeed require quality products and services. Through the partnership with several producers at the international level, Apple has utilized outsourcing strategy to subcontract some suppliers to supply some components (Jeffrey John, 2012). Lastly, globalization affected Apples resources and profit maximization. It has accessed to the best human resources globally. Also, it has spent substantial amount of capital to enh ance the acquisition of capital and other factors of production. Further, the strategy of going globally has significantly increased the market share of Apple, hence making Apple maximize its profits. National Contextual Factors that Impact on Apple At the national level, Apple is affected by various factors. However, the challenges faced at the local level to a well-established company are usually at the management and financial level. Though, the presence of technology has enhanced the coordination and automation of process and various activities are executed by one machine (DeWitt, 2013). Some of the local influences on Apple include: Political stability: The firm cannot experience any success when there is political instability in the country. Apparently, commerce thrives well where there is peaceful coexistence between everyone in the society and innovation as well as entrepreneurship is promoted. Infrastructural developments: At the local level infrastructural developments and particularly transport and telecommunications significantly affects the flourishing of firms, innovation and entrepreneurial activities (Salge Vera, 2012). Transports facilitate the movement of people and materials from one place to another, whereas the telecommunication services enhance the sharing of ideas and dissemination of information. Government regulations: Unfavorable business policies can hamper success, and the contrary is true. Notably, entrepreneurship and innovation at Apple are experienced through the success it derive from the simplification of processes. Apple plays a pivotal role in employing the new ideas by incorporating the technology in its processes for success through the production of quality products to consumers (Helft and Vance, 2011). International Contextual Factors Some of the Challenges that Hinder Globalization as Described as follows: Economic factor: This aspect includes an array of determinants like the pace of development, labor conditions, cost of the factors of production, inflation, and more. Innovation and entrepreneurship has assisted Apple to maximize profit during favorable situations and appropriately prepare how to manage some economic problems (Smith, 2010). Apple needs to enact effective strategies to survive hard economic conditions. And it is only through technology that the company can cut some incremental costs, de-invest from unprofitable ventures and keep productive employees (Lommerud et al., 2009). Cultural factors: The international operations are indeed affected by cultural beliefs. From the previous definition of culture, we derive the assumption that Apples misunderstanding about people's beliefs can influence the level of demand for the products offered (James Szeman, 2010). Innovation, therefore, aids in discovering all forces surrounding cultural beliefs and norms of people to ensure that services and outputs provided match cultural demands. Respect for cultural diversity is paramount. Legal factors: Every country has different rules regarding employee rewarding systems, tax laws, ownerships rights, business registration processes. Discriminative laws hinder business success, and the vice versa is true. With technology in place, Apple can utilize various analytical tools to assess legal effects of a particular country before extending the operations to such areas. Conclusion and Recommendations In conclusion, Globalization plays a vital role in contributing to economic developments in many countries. It has enabled businesses access international markets and offer products to different customers. Apparently, Apple has totally embraced technology which has significantly assisted it gain customer loyalty of providing a variety of quality products. Globalization however, depends on the level of innovation and technological advancements. For instance, the technological break-through has simplified the payment methods, products can be marketed and transactions executed online. E-commerce has been embraced, and the level of quality is no longer a subject to worry. As a result, the competitive edge of a company is perfected to allow it compete favorably in the international markets. Despite the existence of different challenges, Apple Inc have relied on technology to ensure appropriate strategies are enacted to enhance success as well as providing the best to the consumers. To ensure that Apple succeed in the fluid business environment both at the local and internal levels, the report has strongly recommended the following: Expose marketers to further training to assist get a comprehensive understanding about culture and how they should position the products to suit everyone in the market. Use business analysis tools like PESTLE, Porters five forces to examine the local and international markets before making an investment. To ensure that its outsourcing parties comply with ethical rules and regulations in the most of the world. The management to ensure that the firm is always the leader in developmental issues in the society. References Apple (2012). Apples official Webpage. Retrieved from www.apple.com Atkinson, R. (2012). The impact of international technology transfers on American research and Development: Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, p.1-61 Bello, W. (2012). The Apple connection: Globalization and outsourcing.TowardFreedom.Retrieved fromhttps://www.towardfreedom.com/globalism/2713-the-apple-connection-globalization-and-outsourcing Christensen, C. and Raynor, M. (2013). The Innovators Solution: Creating and sustainingsuccessful growth. Harvard Business School Press: Boston, Mass. pp. 250- 300 Colvin, G. (2009). The World's Most Admired Companies: Fortune. 159(5), p. 76. Retrieved onFeb 5, 2017 from https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2009/full_list/ DeWitt, P, E. (2013). Has China Mobile quietly begun taking pre-orders for AppleiPhones?CNN Money:Retrieved from https://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2013/12/02/apple-china-mobile-suzhou/ Haviland, W. A., McBride, B., Prins, H.E.L., Walrath, D. (2011). Cultural Anthropology: The Human Challenge. Cengage Learning, p. 578 Helft, M. and Vance, A. (2011).Apple Passes Microsoft as No.1in Tech, The New York Times,retrieved on July 31, 2011 from https://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/27/technology/27apple.html James, P. Szeman, I. (2010). Globalization and Culture, Vol. 3: Global-Local Consumption. London: Sage Publications. Jeffrey W. Alstete, John P. M. (2012). Intelligence Methods and Systems Advancements forKnowledge Based Business, p. 132-148 Leach, M. (2010). Dynamic Sustainability Technology, environment, social justice. London: Earthscan Ltd. Retrieved from https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=03PkC_FdZzYCpg=PA174lpg=PA174dq=Leach,+M.+(2010).+Dynamic+Sustainability+Technology,+environment,+social+justice.+London:Earthscan+Ltd.source=blots=xtAh0OoN_tsig=xJ5xgtJfzH54qxdCuqxi4dc Leitao, R, P. (2013). Where in the world is Apples growth?Post at Eventide.Retrieved fromhttps://www.postsateventide.com/2013/05/where-in-world-is-apples-growth.html Linden, G., Kraemer, K. L., Dedrick, J. (2007). Who captures value in a global innovationsystem: the case of Apples iPod. Irvine CA: Personal Computing Industry Center, retrieved on July 31, 2011 from https://pcic.merage.uci.edu/papers/2007/AppleiPod.pdf Lommerud, K. E., Meland, F., Straume, O. R. (2009). Can de-unionization lead to international Outsourcing? Journal of International Economics Manfred, B., Steger, P. J. (2013). Levels of Subjective Globalization: Ideologies Imaginaries, Ontologies. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, p. 17-40 Nerkar, A., Shane, S. (2007). Determinants of Invention Commercialization: An Empirical Examination of Academically Sourced Inventions. Strategic Management Journal, 28(11), 1155-1166 Persson, A. (2008). Strategy antecedents of modes of entry into foreign markets: Journal ofBusiness Research, 61(2), 132-140 Salvatore, B. (2008). Studying Globalization: Methodological Issues: In George Ritzer. The Blackwell Companion to Globalization. John Wiley Sons. p.146. Salge, T.O. Vera, A. (2012) Benefiting from Public Sector Innovation: The Moderating Role of Customer and Learning Orientation. Public Administration Review, Vol. 72, Issue 4,pp. 55060. Smith, C. (2010) Black Friday: Apple iPad, iPhone Other Deals Coming to Europe Too? retrieved on July 31, 2011 from https://nexus404.com/Blog/2010/11/24/black-friday-apple-ipad iphone-no-details-on-deals-though/ Sohail, N. (2011). Impact of globalization on Apple Inc.Scribd.Retrieved fromhttps://zh.scribd.com/doc/61951649/Impact-of-Globalization-on-Apple-Inc Vujakovic, Petra (2010). "How to Measure Globalization: A New Globalization Index (NGI)". Atlantic Economic Journal. 38 (2) 237

Benefits to Running Bleachers Essay Example

Benefits to Running Bleachers Paper Athletes, along with others trying to get into shape usually incorporate running bleachers into their exercise routines. This activity has a variety of health and physical fitness benefit. One obvious benefit is the ability for body to develop more efficiently than running on a flat surface. Another benefit is the increase of the heart rate. The heart rate increases because the activity is much more intense than running regularly or jogging. Jogging bleachers requires the exercise to be performed at a higher intensity. This type of workout helps to teach an individual’s cardiovascular system to recovery quickly. This is because after going up the bleachers and resting for a few seconds, the body needs to be ready to be able to work hard again once it is time to run back up. This workout is known as a cardiovascular exercise which is effective in burning calories. This helps to increase the body fat loss and allows the heart rate to elevate for at least 30 minutes. A big reason why most athletes run bleachers is because of its ability to increase leg power. In certain sports, such as basketball, soccer, football and track, leg power is necessary to better the performance of the player. Climbing up the bleacher requires the quadriceps and glute muscles in the legs to push off each step with force. Running bleachers also puts more of a variety into an average person’s workout. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits to Running Bleachers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits to Running Bleachers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits to Running Bleachers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This prevents muscles from adapting and allows them to continue development. For runners, finding a set of bleachers to run can be considered a break from their same daily route, which will keep them from becoming tired. For those who are not runners, bleachers will most certainly help to work out the muscles throughout the legs. Although running bleachers can be considered cruel punishment in gym classes, it is an effective exercise that keeps the heart healthy and the legs muscular.

The Life and Music of Igor Stravinsky Essays

The Life and Music of Igor Stravinsky Essays The Life and Music of Igor Stravinsky Essay The Life and Music of Igor Stravinsky Essay Igor Stravinsky was born in Russia on June 5, 1882 to Feodor Stravinsky. His first education in music came through being taught piano lessons at his home. He would later attend St. Petersburg University where he would further his musical education. His first substantial music writing was in E Flat and it was called â€Å"The Firebird. † After this show was debuted by a ballet and was a success, he wrote Petruska. His next major music scene was his third ballet called â€Å"The Rite of Spring. † This marked the beginning of modernism in music and made Stravinsky the most influential composer of that time. After these three ballets came The Nightingale, Renard, the Soldier’s Tale, and Symphonies of Wind. All of which appeared very rapidly and Stravinsky’s success continued. In 1920, Stravinsky settled in France and took his citizenship there in 1934. However in 1938 he experienced the death of his daughter, his mother, and his wife. With the war coming quickly and the fact that it was inevitable, Stravinsky and his new fiance immigrated to the United States. They spent a year living on the east coast while Igor lectured at Harvard University and then they moved to California where they would live out the rest of their lives. Over the next two decades Stravinsky wrote Pulcinella, the Fairy’s Kiss, Apollon Musagete, Oedipus Rex, and the Symphonies of Pslams. Then, in 1957, Stravinsky’s music changed style’s with the production of Agon, which was the first work that grasped serialism entirely. The chief works that included Stravinsky’s serialism were Threni, the Flood, Abraham and Issac, Variations for Orchestra, and Requiem Canticles. Stravinsky continued his career until 1967 when old age and illness kept him from working. He died on April 6, 1971.

Management Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Management Accounting - Essay Example This affects the costs and consequently affects the profits. Therefore, the company should use ABC costing method in order to obtain the correct overhead costs for products XYI, YZT and ABW. This is because ABC takes into account more than one cost driver into account. It is more accurate since it assigns costs to products and traces all activities and assigns them to products by using multiple cost drivers. ABC (activity based costing) is the costing method that is currently trending in the world. It has received credit for correcting deficiencies that existed in the traditional system. It is seen as the best costing method available for managers that operate various departments since they are able to assign costs to their products more accurately. However, ABC has received a lot of criticism due to its failures experienced in large operations. Managers of these large firms have termed it difficult to implement and maintain. Activity based costing does not offer the managers with accurate and timely information for decision-making. Activity based cost systems that are used in large-operational firms have proved to provide managers with out-of-date and inaccurate information. This is due to the huge amount of data to be collected. In addition, there is delay in the data to be collected. For instance, in a larger firm, it will require about 110 departments to submit their reports periodically. This makes the process time-consuming since it will take time for the system to calculate the costs for its numerous activities. The time-consuming process has resulted to the companies doing away with the ABC or ceasing to update their systems. This leads to out-of-date and inaccurate information provided to the managers by the ABC systems (Kaplan and Anderson, 2014). Universally, ABC has received resistance. This is evidenced by the annual survey carried out that ranked ABC position 2 after median. This has led to some companies abandoning ABC or failing to adopt

Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane - Article Example It is evident that the effect of DDT as an indoor residual insecticide (IRS) lasts longer i.e. for approximately 6 to 12 months unlike other insecticides used to control malaria vectors whose effect lasts for only 2 to 6 months. In addition, other disease causing vectors are repelled by DDT thus forced to migrate to other locations (Atkinson, 2009). Once DDT is absorbed into the body of insects and pesticides it immediately destroys them by affecting their nervous system. DDT inhibits the neurons where it opens up sodium ion channels. This causes the channels to fire up spontaneously leading to death of the affected pest or insect. DDT also acts on the shells of mosquito eggs thinning them to the extent of destroying the life of the pupa. This is because DDT manages to impair the shell glands that are supposed to excrete calcium carbonate to aid in the development of the egg (Hayes, 2010). Therefore, DDT provides a simple and sustainable pest control strategy that is suitable for mos t of the mosquito prone regions. However, due to health and environmental concerns brought forth by the use of DDT, this chemical should only be used with extreme caution to ensure all the stipulated requirements are followed and there is no other safer and affordable means that can be used. This is because the prolonged use of DDT causes environmental degradation, infertility, breast cancer, genital birth defects, brain damages and diabetes. DDT is quite stable and thus does not degrade that easily. In fact, it has the ability of remaining active for decades. On the other hand, it is not soluble in water therefore it is not washed away easily from the soil. These two facts are the core reasons for the development of the myriad controversies surrounding DDT in regards to its safety towards health of human beings, plants and animals and the safety and sustainability of the environment. As a result, it has raised a paradigm because it is not ethical to let people die from malaria and yet the effect of malaria can be curtailed by the use of DDT. On the other side, it is also not ethical to continue supporting the prolonged use of DDT since it poses a risk to the human population and the environment (Hayes, 2010). Unfortunately, the volume of sprayed DDT in households is gradually increasing to alarming rates. In fact, quite scary results were revealed according to a conducted study in the volume of semen and sperm count in males living in households that use DDT. The sperm count and semen volume of the male with high levels of DDT in their blood were extremely low when compared to others. Moreover, DDT is absorbed into body tissues and can even be transferred to infants through breast milk. In addition, DDT has a stable chemical structure thus making it possible for the chemical to stay in the environment for decades without degrading. These facts are supported by the adverse results that DDT had in America when it was sprayed to control the spread of mosquitoes and crop pests. Its effects nearly wiped out all the pelican and bald eagles (Atkinson, 2009). However, in most of the developing countries other alternatives of controlling mosquito vectors including the use of bed nets that have been treated with insecticides and use of anti-malaria drugs are not as effective as the use of DDT. This is in contrast to most developed countries where the DDT alternatives are relatively effective. This is

Women in the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle A brief history of Essay

Women in the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle A brief history of zimbabwe, status of women in precolonialism in zimbabwe, nature of colonialism in zimbabwe, the - Essay Example The Portuguese were then overpowered by the consolidation of several states called Shona that led to emergence of Rozwi empire covering most of the present Zimbabwe. This state of peaceful coexistence of native kingdoms lasted for the next two centuries. By the middle of 19th century Rozwi empire fell due to the entry of British South Africa company to whom rights for mining of gold were given by the Ndebele rulers in 1888 by way of treaty. The treaty later paved way for aggressors from Europe mostly British who fought with the Ndebele kingdom and established colonies there. (Zimbabwe History) Colonization was started in 1890 by the English settlers led by founder Cecil John Rhodes. Thus Rhodesia was named after its founder. The English thought they were the first race in the world and hence assumed wherever they settled, it was for the benefit of the human race. (Nyangoni) With this feeling of supremacy over the rest of the human race, English started colonies in other parts of the world and dominated the local race. Thus native Africans in Rhodesia were not allowed to participate in an all-white Government. The whites alone assumed right to vote and the land laws they passed prevented native Africans' presence in many public places reserved exclusively for the whites. The ordinances they passed left native Africans with lands just for sustenance. About 6000 whites occupied half of the fertile and otherwise potential lands, leaving the worst lands for 600,000 native African farmers.(Chung P 211) This state of affairs lasted till 1979 characterized by domination of white minority over the native population who were denied rights to their own lands. Ever since the colony started, there had been civil unrest among the natives of Rhodesia who first initiated revolution demanding changes in the imperial constitution which would facilitate equal job opportunities and participation in Government. But by 1960, situation radically changed with nationalism gaining momentum requiring to overthrow the minority white rule. In the process, National Democratic Party (NDP) was started by native Africans with the ultimate aim of Pan African rule in due course. The party activists evoked violence against the minority rulers to attract the attention of England for its intervention and help handing over of power to the locals. (Gann, p 42) The minority rulers retaliated by banning the NDP in 1961. Then came a newly formed party in 1962 led by Joshua Nkomo under the name of Zimbabwe African People's Union (ZAPU) through reconstitution of the NDP. The ZAPU wanted to bri ng one-man-one vote rule, unite all Africans against imperialism and colonialism, eliminate all forms of oppression of its local Africans, and to establish a new order of African tradition. ZAPU members also believed force by violence and bloodshed was the only solution. Hence looking at ZAPU's objectives, the minority Government banned it also. ZAPU members went

Apple Research and Innovation

Apple Research and Innovation HIRAL GOPIYANI Apple has been in the USA and world commercial center since 1975 and today it is one of the pioneers in innovation showcase in the USA. Some even say, Apple is for the most part Steven Jobs life as opposed to an organizations history. The Company offers its products worldwide through its on the web stores, its retail locations, its immediate deals drive, and outsider wholesalers, affiliates, and esteem included affiliates. The Organization pitches to shopper, little and moderate sized business, instruction, venture, government, and imaginative clients. The Company is focused on bringing the best individual figuring, convenient computerized music and versatile correspondence experience to buyers, and organizations. The Organizations business technique use its one of a kind capacity to outline and build up its own particular working framework, equipment, application programming. The Company accepts constant interest in innovative work to the advancement and improvement of creative pro ducts and Technologies. Apple is a multinational innovation organization that makes PC and PDAs in the superior class of the items. In this worry, the greatest achievement of the Apple Company was essentially worried with its advancement to get changes the items and fulfill the need of the necessities, needs and inclinations of the items. Encourage, the accomplishment of the Apple Company was likewise worried with its improvement of notoriety and brand name throughout the years at the worldwide level. In addition, the arrangements of principles to give most recent innovation consistently in the advanced cell classification were additionally an accomplishment of the Apple Company, for example, iPod, iTunes, and iPhone. Furthermore, every one of these executions of the Apple Company inside the association made an enormous client base and request of the PDAs These strategies of the Apple established a solid establishment of the nature of the innovation that pull in the greater part of the clients steadfastness and trust towards its innovation. On the opposite side, the greatest disappointment of the Apple Company was essentially worried with intermittent failings of haughtiness, and inward fighting. These circumstances diminish the deals and notoriety in the outer market. Facilitate, the nearsightedness was likewise one of the greatest elements of the Apple Company that lessens the request of the items by the clients and the greatest disappointment. Also, the iPhone classification by Smartphone that was essentially a top-notch class client did not pull in white-collar class clients or family to buy the products. Apples Success Back to its Culture The Apples accomplishment in the worldwide market is fundamentally connected straightforwardly back to its way of life where an abnormal state of administration took a choice about a large portion of the vital changes to fulfill the normal need and needs of the requested Apple ideas and items by the clients. Encourage, the outline and advancement of the items, for example, iPod, iTunes and iPhone in its inventive improvement of the innovative culture can be an example of overcoming adversity that changed the enthusiasm of the clients to be savvy with keen innovation. Encourage, the standards of sound administration of the association additionally added to the accomplishment of Apple comprehensively on the grounds that it keeps up a decent association with clients for long lasting. Moreover, the dedication of the Apple Company towards creation of the PCs can be likewise a win that brought an arrangement of standard in efficiency and execution with the clients and it is connected specifically back to its way of life of genuineness and steadfastness . In addition, the third era of new iPad can be characterized as coherence of the cell phones to pull in new clients consistently by presenting. It is a nature of Apple Company to present the smooth and easy to understand GUIs, and tidiness and additionally the effortlessness of the OS that is likewise an achievement of its way of life. Apple Actions apply to the TCOs Apple is fundamentally TCOs arranged Company that accentuates about administration and quality amid the item life cycle. Also, the Service and Quality of the Apple that gives general effects on the TCO is a key wonder on the planet to draw in clients. Assist, the high cost of the Apple items is additionally a piece of the TCOs activity in the aggressive commercial center. Promote, the enduring advancement and chips away at consumer loyalty course is the primary need of Apple in view of the training of the buyers towards innovation and mindfulness as a dependable band together with solid items. Besides, the activity of the Apple is likewise worried with continually puts out new updates to the product to evacuate snags. The nature of the results of Apple holds their estimation of the cost incredibly well; due to this individuals can offer the utilized Smartphone again to the following clients at profitable cost. The Apple products are loaded with expandable memory and individuals can build the smash and hard drive space as indicated by the need. The potentials of Apple have not been ideally exploited along these decades, instigating the requirement for change. Over the past decade, the organization has not enough addressed the requirement for diversification. In spite of that limited diversity of products and services enhances specialization and proficiency. This is in thought to the rapid increase in competition in the technology industry. Reference The Huffington Post. Retrieved http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ira-kalb/apple- -success-or-fa_b_8060310.html Retrieved http://www.itworld.com/article/2826944/it-management/apple-s-greatest-triumphs-and-worst-failures.html Steve Jobs. USA: The Obsession That Drives Apples Success

Alice Walkers Color Purple - Historical and Political Insight Essay

The Color Purple : Historical and Political Insight Alice Walker’s writings were greatly influenced by the political and societal happenings around her during the 1960s and 1970s. She not only wrote about events that were taking place, she participated in them as well. Her devoted time and energy into society is very evident in her works. The Color Purple, one of Walker’s most prized novels, sends out a social message that concerns women’s struggle for freedom in a society where they are viewed as inferior to men. The events that happened during and previous to her writing of The Color Purple had a tremendous impact on the standpoint of the novel. The Civil Rights Movement was the largest influence on Walker’s writings. In a decision handed down by the Supreme Court in 1954, the beginning of civil rights occurred. In the decision of Brown vs. The Board of Education, the court ruled that separate educational facilities were inherently unequal because they gave AfricanAmerican children a sense of inferiority and retarded their educational and mental development. That case began the civil rights uprising in the United States. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 forbid businesses connected with interstate commerce to discriminate when choosing its employees. If these businesses did not conform to the act, they would lose funds that were granted to them from the government. Another act that was passed to secure the equality of blacks was the Voting Rights Act of 1965. This act, which was readopted and modified in 1970, 1975, and 1982, contained a plan to eliminate devices for voting discrimination and gave the Department of Justice more power in enforcing equal rights. In another attempt for equal rights, the Equal Employment ... ...ally signed in 1973 and the Americans returned home following the signage. However, all was not well in the US. Overall, the war was very unpopular to the public and it led to radicalism and polarization of the country’s youth. Many universities had demonstrations and a resistance against institutions was prevalent on college campuses. By 1974, the country’s economy was in recession, a direct response to the Vietnam War. The Civil Rights Movement and the Vietnam War were the two primary influences on the life and writings of Alice Walker. Walker is still alive today and continues to write about society issues that have affected her life. "Civil Rights and Liberties-Civil Rights Movement." Encyclopedia Americana. 1996 ed. Jackson, Melinda L. "Alice Walker-Womanist Writer." Online. Internet. 14 April 1998. Available http://wwwvms.utexas.edu/~melindaj/alice.html

A clean cut differentiation between the two is one explained by Robert Cialdini

In a world where its inhabitants have diverse beliefs and point of views, it is usually difficult to influence others to change their perspectives; hence, man resorts to persuasion or manipulation to achieve this end. Persuasion and manipulation are two different concepts that are more or less synonymous, but it is in their little differences that we are able to know better these two terminologies.It is said that â€Å"manipulation aims at control; not cooperation. It always results in a lose-lose situation. Persuasion, on the other hand, always builds the self-esteem of the other party. It treats the other person as a responsible and self-directing individual (Swets, 2006).† Thus, control is the basis of manipulation, while cooperation is that of persuasion.Manipulation, in order to be done, is complemented with the use of coercion and deceit just to influence a person to do something. On the other hand, persuasion tries to influence people up to the extent necessary, but not crossing into the unethical aspects of influencing people. It tries to get people to agree to certain things on their own decision.A clean cut differentiation between the two is one explained by Robert Cialdini (2005), a psychologist. He said that manipulation involves the unethical use of the principles of persuasion and some of those involve brute force or coercion to achieve a goal.Persuasion involves the use of principles that exist in the situation and that allow us to inform people into yes, to educate them into yes, by giving them a view of reality as we see it. It involves moving them in a direction that we desire, on the basis of valid information.Thus, it is suggested that persuasion must be resorted always rather than manipulation because the latter tends to lean on the negative side. Persuasion is a civilized way of influencing people.References:Swets, P. (2006), ‘The Art of Talking So That People Will Listen’ in Burg, B. (2006). Persuasion†¦or Manipul ation: Are They Different Things? [webpage]http://hodu.com/compliments.shtmlDate accessed: 4 April 2007.Cialdini, R, (2005), The Psychology of Persuasion [webpage]http://www.journalofbusinessstrategy.com/articles/RobertCialdini.shtmlDate accessed: 4 April 2007

A critical lens essay on the novels The Lord of the Flies by William Golding and To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee

A critical lens essay on the novels The Lord of the Flies by William Golding and To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee "...in all of us, even in good men, there is lawless wild-beat nature..."Plato, The Republic, Book IXThere is a second side to mankind, which is the uncivilized side. Even in the best of mankind, the wild beast can come out resulting in brutal wounding, drugs, alcohol and even killing. In the novel, The Lord of the Flies, the beast awakens within Jack and Ralph. However, in To Kill A Mockingbird, Bob Ewell and Atticus do not have a good and bad side.Atticus, a good character and Bob Ewell, a bad character do not have a civilized side. Bob has the uncivilized nature and Atticus has the civilized nature.An example of this is when Atticuses gets spat in the face by Bob Ewell, Atticus then responds by saying "'I wish Bob Ewell wouldn't chew tobacco,'" pg. 217. This quote shows how good Atticus is, when Bob spat on him.Lord of the FliesAt the end of the novel Atticus does not let out his anger, when the court case that he worked on did not turn out properly. He held his anger down, which a normal person would be really mad, because the accused was black which made him guilty even though he was not guilty. An example of Bob Ewell not following the critical lens is when he spat in Atticus's face after winning the trial. "Mr. Bob Ewell stopped Atticus on the post office corner, spat in his face, and told him he'd get him if it took the rest of his life." This shows the evil in Bob by stopping Atticus and threatening him that he is going to "get him" when he already "got him" in the court trial. Bob Ewell should be jumping for joy that he won the trial but he...

Valuation (Compulsary Purchase Order) Example

Valuation (Compulsary Purchase Order) Example Valuation (Compulsary Purchase Order) – Coursework Example Valuation College Valuation (compulsory Purchase Order) Claim is a request for a benefit in which a claimant believes is entitled to but no agreement has been reached yet. This is where the claimant has suffered or is suffering some lose in which he/she believes that there should be some compensation by the one causing the lose. Before any compensation to take place there should some evaluation conducted so that the loss is quantified in monetary terms. In this case Roy Scroggins home and source of income are to forcefully taken by the government so as to construction of the Dullsville Dual Carriage as the road through Dullsville Crescent where his property is. This will be a great loss to him and his family as they built a home there to cut on rent expenses and also established a shop that has been a source of income. Heads of claim refers to particular category of circumstances under which claims can be compensated .In Roy’s case value of land in which the property is built should be considered because had he sold the property the land price would have been inclusive. In most cases land appreciates in value or at least remains the same and thus that should be paid for. Disturbance fees refer to costs and losses incurred as a result of being disturbed from the property like in his case. There should also be home-loss payment and there should also be re-housing by the relevant authorities. Roy should seek professional advise because once a notice to treat has been served one should submit claim within 21 days and more so because this formed part of his retirement plan. Reference List Christudason, A, 2009. Property rights: Achieving a fine balance in collective sales ofstrata developments in Singapore. International Journal of Law in the Built Environment, 1(1), 26-41.

Introduction to Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Introduction to Accounting - Essay Example Fixed costs are the costs that do not change even if sales of a product changes. These costs are incurred even if there no sales made. On the other hand, the cost will not change even when sales made are very high. An example is the printer that prints newspapers. The cost of producing incurred con the printer when it prints 10 newspapers is the same as the cost for printing 1000 newspapers. Therefore, the cost of producing newspapers in terms of printer’s cost is a fixed cost. Contribution is the amount that remains after all variable costs have been subtracted from the sales revenue. Contribution caters for the fixed costs and it leads to the net income. Contribution mainly deals with the profit made by selling the products. It is very important because it helps in determining the amount of goods that need to be sold in order to recover the costs incurred during production. For example, it helps in determining the amount of whisky products that have to be sold in order to get the cost of producing the whisky. This is a point in production that occurs when the amount of cost is equal to the amount of the total sales of the products. Although many businesses are after making profits, there are some points when the businesses neither undergo loss nor get profits. This is the breakeven point of the business. Graphically, breakeven point is achieved when the total cost curve meets the total revenue costs. An example of breakeven point is when the cost of producing whisky is equal to the amount achieved from the sales of the whisky. This means that the company neither gets profit nor loss. Breakeven point is important in recognizing the relevance of variable costs and the fixed costs. Despite this importance, breakeven point cannot be overstated since it cannot help in business decision making. This is a resource that is scarce and its supply is very low. Limiting factor is also known as the principle budget factor.

The Primary Function of Human Resource Management Term Paper

The Primary Function of Human Resource Management - Term Paper Example Programs such as those that rotate employees between different kinds of units within the organization and those that encourage directed learning as well as promoting inter-agency communication across the entire company are being increasingly viewed as having paramount importance. Furthermore, Human Resource department must develop a system of recognition and reward for the staff in regards to their contributions to the agency. While there is still some truth to the image of the HR department as keeping track of birthdays and other events for the betterment of the morale of the staff, HR is now developing into a much more sophisticated part of the overall business network. In fact there is bound to eventually be a complete split between the duties of the â€Å"file clerk† aspect and the duties of the director of the department. †¦the Society for HR Management (SHRM) Global Forum report on "The Maturing Profession of Human Resources Worldwide" (2004) showed that over half ( 54.8%) of HR professionals say the most frequently encountered obstacle to career advancement is HR's not being held in high esteem by the organization. One thing is certain, HR is evolving and the profession will either be driven reactively by external changes or will more proactively define its own future. (Vosburgh, 2007, p. Talent, for lack of a better term, is one of the most strategic parts that HR is playing in the current business model. â€Å"Talentship† is a term being used to describe this new paradigm in the creation.... One of the first steps in bringing HR into a more productive and strategic part of the business model is to make the same type of paradigm shift in separation of functions. While many HR professionals today still struggle to get a seat at the business table, the HR profession in the future should continue to evolve and take more responsibility for overall organizational effectiveness. To do this the HR professional will need to become better at utilizing systems thinking and systems measurement. (Jamrog, and Overholt, 2004, p. 54) Talent, for lack of a better term, is one of the most strategic parts that HR is playing in the current business model. â€Å"Talentship† is a term being used to describe this new paradigm in the creation of a more far-reaching strategy for Human Resource Planning. Similar to the roles between finance and marketing, HR is now also being asked to help companies’ research and locate another critical component, the market for talent. Using the sa me analogy, a company cannot succeed if their finance and accounting team is not successfully pared with their sales and marketing team. In fact over time there have been regulatory and best practice applications that have helped to further cement this finance-marketing relationship. However, in HR the guidelines are a little fuzzier, and in fact are usually only to be found in individual policies and procedures and certainly in some academic and business journals. â€Å"Organizational decision processes and tools employed in the talent market are far less mature and refined than those used in finance or marketing† (Boudreau, 2005, p. 18). Now more than ever companies need professional practices in place in order to align their business needs with greater

Considering Divorce- Smart Marriges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Considering Divorce- Smart Marriges - Essay Example Having been into a relationship with eight men so far in her life, Julie was able to make a checklist against which she would assess the qualities of men in the future. The one scoring full would be eligible to take her hand in hand. The list goes as follows: 1. He would be established in his life with a business worth at least $2 million 2. He would not have been into any relationship before meeting Julie 3. He would not be into a relationship with any woman in addition to Julie 4. He would love Julie by heart and would never leave her 5. He would not see his parents more than twice a year and would not spend more than twenty four hrs with them in the whole year 6. His love for Julie would not be driven by lust 7. He would love Julie for her personality rather than her body 8. He would be virgin †¦.and the list goes on! One day, Julie met Ben. Ben was from Holland and had come to Ontario for studies. Julie offered him to share her apartment. After spending a year with him, Juli e found Ben scoring full in her checklist. She had waited for so long for the right person to come into her life and there she had him. Julie had spent more than half of her youth in her search of the right man. At the age of 38 years, she resolved to marry Ben. But it only took Julie three days after marriage to file a case for divorce.

Health Care Financial Terms Week One Essay Example for Free

Health Care Financial Terms Week One Essay Controlling is the practice that managers use to ensure that the company plans and goals are being attained. By comparing report to each other areas that are working and succeeding are defined and the areas where problems are occurring can be addressed and corrected (Baker Baker, 2011). A manager has four different, lets say teams† that report to this manager. Controlling would be when team A, B, C, and D submit the teams’ financial report to the manager. The manager would review all four teams to ensure the teams are meeting the financial goals. So, in this scenario Team A, B, and C is on target and meeting the goals. However, Team D has not met the goals. The manager needs to review the team D’s progress determine where the problem is, such as cutting cost, the resource allocation, operating procedure, or other issues. Without controlling the teams and reviewing progress, other area will suffer. Decision making Decision making is management making informed decisions based on all information that accomplishes the company’s goals (Baker Baker, 2011). The company is making a decision on purchasing electronic medical records. The financial reports will inform management of the financial status on the company and the amount of money they can budget for the purchase of this the EMR. Organizing Organizing is a term for companies to decide how to use resources for the best outcome for the company (Baker Baker, 2011). A manager is given a certain amount of revenue and the manager decides where the money is allocated for the department to accomplish the goals set by the company. Planning To succeed, companies need corporate goals. Planning is identifying the goals and resources. Laying out the steps by using the resources to accomplish those goals (Baker Baker, 2011). A manager has a specific project to install and to perform the primary function of the project. The manager works out a step by step plan from the beginning to the end of implementing the project until the project is complete and accomplishes the goal. Original records When a transaction is recorded into a journal or ledger this becomes the original records (Baker Baker, 2011). A patient makes a payment of $100. This payment is entered into the patient’s file and payment history. This entry is an original record in the company’s income ledger. Reference: Baker, J. J., Baker, R. W. (2011). Health Care Finance Basic Tools for Nonfinancial Managers (3rd ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, LLC.

The Macro Environment Of The Tui

The Macro Environment Of The Tui TUI illustrates one of the most amazing and successful strategic changes of a firm among the largest European companies .From 1997 to 2003, its management turned one of the oldest steel and mining conglomerates known as pressaug into TUI, the undisputed European leader in the tourism industry -a fast growing but very volatile and competitive industry. Putting a smile on peoples faces was TUIs mission. And this is they have worked for employing 65,000 people around the world work day after day to create unforgettable holiday experiences for our over 30 million customers. As an integrated travel group, brands offered by TUI are the complete range of services associated with holiday and travel. Headquartered in Crawley, near Gatwick airport in the UK, company mainly serves the leisure travel customer and is organised and managed through four business sectors: Mainstream, Specialist Emerging Markets, Activity and Accommodation Destinations. In the financial year ended 30 September 2008 TUI Travel had revenues of  £13.9bn and an underlying profit before tax of  £320m. According to Phil Kelly (2009), the analysis of the external environment may be described as an external audit. To analyse the macro-environment of the TUI, this report utilises three tools namely; PESTLE analysis, five forces framework and Opportunity and Threat from the SWOT analysis. This report includes only critical issues from the current macro-environment whereas detailed analysis of PESTLE. PESTLE Analysis Political Environment: These include Tax policy: Tourists contribute to sales, profits, jobs, tax revenues, and income in an area. According to (Dye, 1992) the tourism tax policy is to ensure that the nation adopts the right policies to achieve the right goals. To diversify the currency and geographical risk of the TUI group. KEY DRIVERS TO CHANGE TUI embarked on steady programme of major acquisitions while divesting the noncore businesses. TUI group is also listed on London Stock Exchange. These strategic moves gave TUI group protection from devaluation of the currency and more access to capital market. But this strategy also exposed TUI to the high taxation policies of the developed economies. These high taxes could minimize the profit after tax of TUI. Political stability: Presently TUI is focussing on the markets of developing economies by using the cash from developed markets. Developing markets have high growth rate but this could be affected by the political instability in developing economies. Political instability in many parts of the world, increased risks of terrorism have a significant adverse impact on TUI Groups financial condition and results of operations. New political crises, terrorist attacks, wars and other hostilities could cause a significant decrease in demand for travel and tourism. Economical Environment: The most direct effects occur within the primary tourism sectors lodging, restaurants, transportation, amusements, and retail trade. Through secondary effects, tourism affects most sectors of the economy. An economic impact analysis of tourism activity normally focuses on changes in sales, income, and employment in a region resulting from tourism activity. Economic growth: The importance of channelizing the cash generated from developed markets to innovate new services and to invest it in high growth markets (Ghoshal, 1987). Spending on travel and tourism is discretionary and price sensitive. Interest rate: Many of the tourists prefer to take bank travel loans or holiday loans .so if the bank rates are high then tourist will really think twice before going on holiday this might have a great impact on tourism industry. Inflation rate: TUI customers may reduce or stop their spending on travel or opt for low-cost offers, in particular during periods of economic slowdown. TUI results were negatively affected in 2002 and 2003 by the general economic slowdown in our source markets. Although their tourism business improved considerably in 2004, their future economic downturns may cause significant reductions in demand for travel and tourism. Exchange rate: The exchange rate is commonly considered a determinant in the estimation of tourism demand and it is introduced either as an independent variable or by including it in the relative prices (Crouch, 1994). In this sense, Sinclair and Stabler (1997) argue that tourists consider the exchange rate since they have limited knowledge about relative prices. Thus exchange rate regimes with low uncertainty could promote tourism. Socio-cultural Environment: Social factors include the demographic and cultural aspects of the external microenvironment .These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets .some social factors associated with TUI are as follows Emphasis on safety, Health consciousness and age distribution, Change in lifestyle, Higher life expectancy. Technological Environment: TUI launched virtual tour operator TOUROPA.COM in Germany selling not only online but through travel agents, television and call centres. Hence TUI became European leader in direct sales of travel product with turnover of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 2.6 billion. Environmental: The environmental issue like global warming has led to the environmental protection laws such as carbon emission limits. This law limits the amount of carbon to be emitted by TUI Airlines which could affect the overall customer service in a particular region/country. Legal Environment: In the European countries in which TUI airlines operate, an air carrier is permitted to operate airline services only if it is majority owned, and effectively controlled, by member states of the European Economic Area (EEA) or their nationals. The carrier must be able to prove this at any time. Failure to do so may result in withdrawal of, or a refusal to issue, the carriers operating license or route licenses. Accordingly, TUI must remain majority owned and effectively controlled by EEA member states or their nationals in order for their airlines to maintain their operating and route licenses. In addition, there may be national ownership restrictions applicable to the grant of route licenses to TUI airlines. PORTER FIVE FORCES FRAMEWORK (also diagram please refer Appendix 3) Threat of new entrants: Low-cost airlines compete successfully on many routes against TUI charter airlines. For example, established low-cost airlines have gained significant market share on certain flight routes, in particular, routes between the United Kingdom and Spain. In response, TUI had introduced low-cost airline Hapag-Lloyd Express in Germany in December 2002 and introduced TUI low-cost airline Thomsonfly in the United Kingdom in April 2004. If TUI is unable to maintain a competitive cost structure for their airlines as compared to low-cost carriers, their airline and hotel utilization rates could decrease. Threat of substitutes: The entry of new players in the tourism industry is of very minimal threat to the market share of TUI Group. In developed market these new players are not highly preferred by the customers hence addressing this issue is of least strategic importance for the TUI. Competitive rivalry for TUI: There is high competition in tourism industry. This competition is fierce not only in developed market but also in developing market where TUI had a started a new cost cutting programme targeting a yearly saving of around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬260 million and à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬100 m for 2004. The implication is to diversify in the world market and in new services to compensate the down trend in developed markets (Dickson, P. Ginter, J, 1987). Buyers: Due to high competition in tourism industry, the customers in tourism industry have high bargaining power. High bargaining power of buyer raises the importance of the marketing for TUI to create customer loyalty and price inelasticity in consumers to maintain high margin of its brands (Miller, D. 1988). Suppliers: The bargaining power of suppliers is very low because TUI enjoys the benefit of backward integration. Strengths TUI already acquired established players TUI has well established distribution channels. TUI took several measures to improve customer services TUI offers wide range of products. Backward integration because TUI has its own suppliers. Economies of scale benefits Weakness TU I has  £900 million share holder loans. TUI has no cheap accommodations GENERIC STRATEGY Cost Leadership TUIs primary goals is to expand tourism business, grow their container shipping business, complete divestment program and improve financial risk profile. The business strategy for TUIs tourism division includes the following key elements: Expand tourism business. TUI intends to capitalize on strong brands and market positions to expand tourism business, both in absolute terms and in terms of market share. TUIs growth strategy reflects belief that the quality of products, the strength of business model and ability to react to new market trends at early stages of development both in existing European source markets and in selected new source markets, such as the emerging markets of Eastern Europe, including Russia, Hungary, Slovenia and Slovakia, and Asia, including China and India. As part of the same strategy, we may divest assets or business units where appropriate returns cannot be earned in the foreseeable future. Exploit synergies and cost efficiencies across markets and products. TUI intend to take advantage of remaining synergy and efficiency opportunities to further optimize operational procedures and integrate tourism businesses at each stage of the value chain. TUI has started to integrate and optimize their maintenance, administration, IT network management and purchasing functions and have completed this process for their airlines by establishing a centralized airline management to ensure maximum utilization of airlines capacities. Continue to leverage the benefits of integrated business model and wide distribution network. TUI intend to continue to develop fully integrated business model to take advantage of new developments in the tourism industry in order to ensure the continued attractiveness of core products and to attain high utilization of own flight and hotel capacity. This strategy helps to maximize the utilization of own capacity at each stage of the value chain and provides considerable flexibility in making contractual arrangements for additional capacity with third parties. In addition, through TUIs multi-channel distribution network, they are able to initially funnel tourism products into their own tour operators, airlines and hotels and only subsequently into flight and hotel capacity that they purchase from third parties. Identify new trends and exploit developments in the tourism industry. The travel and tourism industry is changing rapidly. Recent trends are not only providing travellers new options but also providing industry participants with new opportunities. Recent trends include the growing customer demand for modular products, the growth of low-cost air carriers and the increasing availability of tourism information over the internet. TUI intends to continue to develop business model to take advantage of new developments and to ensure the sustained desirability of their core product offerings. TUI also intend further to align the activities of their airlines with each other to benefit from the generally high passenger load factors in the charter flight sector and the cost advantages of some of their own airlines. TUI believes that they can promote new products more effectively and profitably than non-integrated competitors through their presence at each stage of the value chain. VALUE CHAIN (for diagram please refer Appendix 4) With TUIs fully integrated business model, tourism division operates at all major stages of the tourism value chain: Retail sales. TUI is the largest distributor of package holidays in Europe based on number of travel agencies, with 3,399 travel agencies in source markets. They also distribute products through independent travel agencies and direct sales channels, such as internet sites and travel television. Tour operators. TUI tour operators in Europe sold approximately 18.4 million travel packages in 2004, approximately seven million of which were sold through their own distribution channels and approximately 11 million through third-party distribution channels. Air transportation. In 2004, TUI own airlines flew 22.6 million passengers (based on one-way trips) who had purchased one of their tour packages or flight-only products. TUI flew approximately 65% of package holiday customers on their own airlines, with the remainder flying on third-party airlines. Based on total passenger kilometres flown, their combined aircraft fleet was the fourth largest airline in Europe and the fifteenth largest worldwide (Source: Airline Business, August 2005. The Airline Rankings, Passenger Analysis). Destination services. TUI destination services are provided by 41 incoming agencies at major destination areas in 25 countries. Hotels. TUI owned, leased or managed a portfolio of 285 hotels and 162,800 beds worldwide as of September 30, 2005. At the end of 2004, TUI was the 12th largest hotel chain in the world based on number of hotels and bed capacity. (Source: Hotels Magazine, Industry Survey, July 2005). Future implications of the changing business environment General economic and political conditions affecting the tourism industry. Adverse effects on TUIs business arising from terrorist attacks or the threat of. terrorism, outbreak of Diseases and natural catastrophes. TUIs ability to remain competitive in the markets for their products and services. Changes in international legal, tax, administrative, regulatory or economic conditions. Risks associated with TUIs structure, the Bonds and their other indebtedness. The impact of exchange rate fluctuations. The impact of TUIs acquisition of CP Ships Limited and the related acquisition financing. Opportunities Customer needs are changing TUI has flexible travel experience with wide range of experience Expanding the group and creating values through acquisition Threats Economic conditions Restricted capacity management Own very few budget hotels. Lower job security. ANSOFF MATRIX Market penetration strategy: is the least risky since it leverages many of TUIs existing resources and capabilities. In a growing market, simply maintaining market share will result in growth and exists opportunities to dominate the market if competitors reach capacity limits. However, it has limits, and once the market approaches the saturation stage, another strategy must be pursued to continue expansion. Consolidation: Consolidation means focussing on current market and current products. There is also mention in the annual report of 2005 to focus on consolidation rather than acquisition and geographic diversification in order to defending market share and downsizing. Market development options include the pursuit of additional market segments or geographical regions. New market developments for a product may seem to be a good strategy if TUIs core competencies are related more to the specific product than to its experience with a specific market segment. This strategy posseses more risk than the market penetration strategy as TUI expands into a new market. It seems appropriate to adopt this development strategy as it relates TUIs strengths to its specific customers rather than to the specific product itself. Diversification is the most risky of all the growth strategies since it requires both product and market development activities and may be outside the core competencies of TUI. Diversification may be a reasonable choice if the high risk is compensated by the chance of a high rate of return. As from the case study in TUI group started a new cost cutting programme targeting around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬260 m in 2003 and around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬100 m for 2004.Then in april 2004 TUI opened its first low cost travel agency in hamburg germany with Touristik Express to sell low cost holidays. The optimal bases on which segment the market depend on the particular situation are determined by marketing research, market trends, and managerial judgment Limitations to ANSOFF matrix Ansoff matrix, particularly focuses on growth which may not be appropriate in some circumstances. Uses and Limitations of Tools Applied This analysis is useful in understanding the market growth or decline, business position and direction for TUI (Kotler, P., 1990). The result of the PESTLE analysis can be used to take advantage of the opportunities and to make plans to tackle the threats. It also ensures that TUIs performance is aligned positively with the powerful forces of change (Byars, L., 1992). Uses of PESTEL 1: Identifying past trend in the macroeconomic variables based on which future trends can be identified. 2: Identify the key scenarios affecting the strategy. 3: Identification of key scenarios help in taking right and informed decision. 4: Effective policy formulation. However, one of the disadvantages of this analysis arises from the issues of reliability, validity and relevance of the information from the secondary sources. Also the past data and past events has to be checked and be applied to the current business conditions. While considering the disadvantages of the PESTLE analysis, managers should understand that it is just a strategic starting point hence conclusions and findings of this analysis should be tested against the reality. Limitations to PESTEL 1: The variables in this model are highly speculative so analysis of past may not be the indication for future. 2: The analysis will be based on predictions so it may not be accurate. 3: It is practically difficult to analyse unlimited macro-economic factors. 4: It is difficult to identify the level of uncertainty. Limitations to Porters Five Forces The assumption that the organizations own interest comes first for some charitable institutions and government bodies may be incorrect. It assumes that buyers have no greater importance than any other aspect of the micro-environment. But the customer is more important than other aspects of strategy development and is not to be treated as an equal aspect of any analysis. It considers suppliers and buyers as threats to be tackled by the organisations, but some companies such as TUI found it useful to engage in closer co-operation with suppliers; such a strategy may be excluded if they regarded purely as threats. It ignores human resource aspects of strategy that might connect people to their own and other organisations. Uses of Porters Five Force Analyses 1: It helps to analyse the dynamics of industries or sector. 2: It helps to analyse the profitability of the industry as a whole. The high level of these forces denotes that industry is highly competitive and may not be attractive to compete in as hyper competition might prevail in the industry. Limitations of Porters Five Force Analyses 1: Five forces helps in identifying the industry structure but it may not remain fixed, as different strategies might change the structure. The acquisition of competitor might help to reduce the hyper competition and that might in turn increase power over buyers and suppliers. 2: Five force analyses takes into consideration industry as a whole but it does not segregate different segments. The individual analysis of each of the segment can be of much assistance than industry as a whole. Conclusion This period of recession and peoples incomes are curtailed .though there is a setback in the growth and profitability there is a tremendous potential in the tourism industry. References: Ansoff, H. (1990), Implanting Strategic Management, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall Byars, L. (1991), Strategic Management: Formulation and Implementation, 3rd ed., New York: Harper Collins BBC. (2004, september 17). Natural disasters on the rise. Retrieved November 2, 2009, from www.bbc.co.uk: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/3666474.stm Crouch, G.I. (1994): The study of international tourism demand: A review of Findings. Journal of Travel Research, summer, pp. 12-23. Daily Mail. (2006, March 10). Imporving Technology affects Tourism. Retrieved November 3, 2009, from www.dailymail.com. Dickson, P and Ginter, J (1987), Market Segmentation, Product Differentiation and Marketing Strategy, The Journal of Marketing, Vol. 51, Issue. 2, pp. 1-10. Dye,Richard, and Therese McGuire. Growth and Variability of State Individual Income and General Sales Taxes. national Tax Journal 44 NO 1 (March, 1992); 55-66 Gil-Pareja, S., Llorca-Vivero R., and J.A. Martà ­nez-Serrano (2006): The Effect of EMU on Tourism, Review of International Economics 14, forthcoming. Gil-Pareja, S., Llorca-Vivero R., and J.A. Martà ­nez-Serrano (2007): Did the European Exchange-rate mechanism contribute to the integration of peripheral countries? Economics Letters 95, pp. 303-308 Ghoshal, S. (1987), Global Strategy: An Organising Framework, Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 8, Issue. 5, pp. 425-440. Independent. (2009, December 5). TUI sees recovery in long haul holiday market. Retrieved Novemeber 1, 2009, from http://academic.mintel.com/sinatra/oxygen_academic/search_results/show/display/id=446621/display/id=456831 Johnson, G., Scholes, K., Whittington, R. (2005). Exploring corporate strategy (7th Edition ed.). Harlow: Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. (1990), Marketing: An Introduction, 2nd ed., Prentice Hall. Miller, D. (1988), Relating Porters Business Strategies to Environment and Structure: Analysis and Performance Implications, The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 31, Issue. 2, pp. 280-308. Porter, M. E. (2001). Strategy Internet. Haward Business Review, 63-79. Porter, M. E., Miller, V. E. (1985). How Information gives you competitive advantage. Harward Business Review , 149-160. Sinclair, M.T. and M. Stabler (1997): The Economics of Tourism. Routledge, London. TUI Annual Report. (2008). Annual Report. TUI AG. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/archive/410295-airline-business/august-2005.html accessed on 3rd November 2009. http://www.hotelsmag.com/article/CA6485150.html accessed on 3rd November 2009. http://www.ise.ie/debt_documents/3118.pdf accessed on 3rd November 2009 Appendix 1